Problems parsing data from text file to excel columns

I am student seeking help with large project.
I have a very large spreadsheet I need to complete for research and do not know how to complete this. I have very limited programming experience but am fairly knowledgeable of Excel. I have never done any kind of programming other than basic html/css.
The project consists of 10 years worth of weather observations in this format:
KCLE 302151Z 20018G24KT 10SM FEW030 OVC039 13/09 A2929 RMK AO2 PK WND 20027/2110 SLP917 T01330094
I need to parse each piece of information out of it and create a day/hour chart with conditional formatting. Keep in mind that inputting each variable separately would consist of over 262,000 pieces of information. I can put the data into txt formatting fairly easily but don't know how to parse the information out in the way I need it. I have tried several times and failed. A simple txt to column will not do it since the length of each observation is not the same and there are two kinds of observations. I only need one kind in the excel sheet. I can explain more about the project with anybody that is willing to help.
I don't have the time or patience to do this on my own and am hoping somebody can show me how to automate this process or at least some of it. Thanks.