user defined macro to replace certain characters in a string based on user input

Alter "SearchStr", "ReplStr" for your need.

Sub test()
    MsgBox creplace("123_*mmd(sss)")
End Sub

Function creplace(ByVal txt As String) As String
    Dim i As Long
    Const SearchStr As String = "()*!@#$%_"
    Const ReplStr As String = "[]^* ()|+"
    For i = 1 To Len(SearchStr)
        txt = Replace(txt, Mid$(SearchStr, i, 1), Mid$(ReplStr, i, 1))
    Next
    creplace = txt
End Function