Not Sure if you can do that with a textbox/shape object.

But you can do this by entering your search criteria into a Cell/Range and using a WorkSheet_Change event like this.

Private Sub Worksheet_Change(ByVal Target As Range)
    Dim sht As Worksheet
    Dim DataRange As Range, rngToLook As Range
    Dim myButton As OptionButton
    Dim SearchString As String, ButtonName As String
    Dim myField As Long

    Set rngToLook = Intersect(Target, Range("D2"))
    If Not rngToLook Is Nothing Then
        'Unfilter Data (if necessary)
        On Error Resume Next
        ActiveSheet.ShowAllData
        On Error GoTo 0
  
        'Filtered Data Range
        Set DataRange = Range("A4:E31")

        'Retrieve User's Search Input
        mySearch = rngToLook
   
        'Determine if user is searching for number or text
        If IsNumeric(mySearch) = True Then
            SearchString = "=" & mySearch
        Else
            SearchString = "=*" & mySearch & "*"
        End If
    
        'Loop Through Option Buttons
        For Each myButton In ActiveSheet.OptionButtons
            If myButton.Value = 1 Then
                ButtonName = myButton.Text
                Exit For
            End If
        Next myButton
   
        'Determine Filter Field
        myField = WorksheetFunction.Match(ButtonName, DataRange.Rows(1), 0)
   
        'Filter Data
        DataRange.AutoFilter _
            Field:=myField, _
            Criteria1:=SearchString, _
        Operator:=xlAnd
    End If
End Sub