shift patterns / dragging data

Hello all sorry if this is a basic ? but I have just played with Excel not had a course.
Any way I have been told you are able to grab a whole lot of data that follows a pattern, by date to continue the pattern. Simalar to when you grab the + in the bottom right of any cell. Any way I have got a basic shift pattern and was playing to see if I could some how do as I have been told you can (no the person who said it could be done did not know how). Have used Google and nothing seems to fit / work.
Attached is the first few weeks I would like to automatically be able to project the dates and duties for next year etc.

Hope this makes sense but just finishing a night shift, but still over 1 hour to go.