assign keyboard shortcut

There may be a simpler way I don't know of, but I've done this by recording a macro of me accessing the deeply nested menu option, then stopped the recording before I'd done anything with the tool's window.

When you first choose to record the macro, you can select your Ctrl+(whatever) key combination, AND you ca choose to store the macro in the workbook you currently have open, or create a Personal Macro Workbook.

The Personal Macro Workbook allows these special macros to be accessible every time you open Excel.

EDIT: I wasn't able to get a macro to popup the protection window, only worked when I actually saved some protection settings. Sorry, but maybe you want to do that?

You could do it like this:

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Run ToStart, which reassigns (sort of) Ctrl+1 from format cells. Before you quit, run ToQuit.

I can't recommend this particularly, but don't know of a better way to do it.