Locating data in a table

The Col_E values in your table are above and below 1000.
If you want the data from the row where the Col_E value is "closest" to
1000...even if it's larger than 1000.

This formula finds that row

F2: =MATCH(1,INDEX(--(ABS(1000-E2:E4501)=MIN(INDEX(ABS(1000-E2:E4501),0))),0),0)

And this formula returns the Col_A data from that row

G2: =INDEX(A2:A4501,$F2)

Copy that formula across through K2

BTW...these are the values from the row where the Col_E value is closest
to 1000:
G2: 11.213
H2: 178.838
I2: 0.263
J2: 0.055
K2: 999.985

Does that help?