Need helping using a formula that will count the number of ppl in each grouping

tRY

=COUNTIFS(B:B,">="&0,B:B,"<"&1)

=COUNTIFS(B:B,">="&1,B:B,"<="&2)

=COUNTIFS(B:B,">"&2,B:B,"<="&3)

=COUNTIFS(B:B,">"&3)

Try this...

=SUMPRODUCT(--($B$2:$B$265>=LEFT(E2,1)*1),--($B$2:$B$265+TRIM(MID($C$2:$C$265,SEARCH("months",$C$2:$C$265)-2,2))/10<=IFERROR(REPLACE(E2,1,SEARCH("-",E2),"")*1,1E+307)))

I think you have input the wrong desired output. Check it manually.