Filling matrix depending on conditions

Hey there,

I am trying to auto-fill a matrix in sheet 1 with information from sheet 2. Please see the attached example, which should give you an idea of what I'm trying to do. Only, in this case I put the values into sheet 1 manually.
Is it possible to this without VBA? I am experimenting with an INDEX/MATCH combination, but thought I'd raise the question here in parallel.

Many thanks,
Nick